Phonics and phoneme awareness are interwoven. As phonics focus on ability to blend sound of letters to form words, Phoneme awareness makes it possible for a child to be able to identify the sound unit of words and oral blending and manipulation of the sound of the letters to form more and more words.
The following are taught in phoneme awareness.
1. Phoneme identification: identification of letters and their sound
2. Oral blending: blending of sound orally
3. Substitution of sound to form new words. E.g. in the word 'mat', if I change 't' to 'n' what will it give me, man.
4. Segmenting. This is the ability to tell the sound that make a given word. E.g. the word 'mat' has the sound m a t.
5. Addition of sound. E.g. If I add 's' with 'top' it will give me 'stop'
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